Relief Formation on the Plane: Principal Solutions, Investigation and Application for the Blind

Abstract

The Braille letters or other relief can be formed in the matrix of holes filled by electroreological fluid the viscosity of which is controlled by electric field. If the holes are made in the fabric-based laminate plate, the electric field can be created by voltage applied to electrodes of plate. Relief can be formed using membrane covering the holes or using pins sliding in the holes. The mean electric field in the electroreological fluid using metallic pin is about 1,7 times stronger and using dielectric pin is about 1,25 times stronger than in the hole with membrane for the same voltage between the electrodes. The mean electric field increases especially in the array near the electrodes using metallic pin. The mean electric field is stronger about 3 times than in the hole without the pin in the points which are not longer than 0,25 of height of hole at top and bottom of hole. The strength of electric field increases if the permittivity of electroreological field decreases or relation between radii of pine and hole increases for the same voltage between the electrodes. Ill. 7, bibl. 3. (in English; summaries in Lithuanian, English and Russian).